Charting a path to net zero homes through optimized retrofits
Identifying practical retrofit strategies that can significantly reduce energy consumption and help existing homes move toward net zero performance
Mojtaba Baloutaki, SMART Centre
About the project
This research examined how energy retrofits can improve the performance of single-detached homes and support Canada’s long-term emissions reduction goals. Using a representative home model, the project evaluated a range of retrofit options to determine the most effective pathways to lower energy use.
The challenge
Single-detached homes represent a significant portion of Canada’s housing stock and consume more energy than many other residential building types. The project sought to identify retrofit combinations that deliver meaningful energy savings while providing homeowners with practical options for implementation.
Approach
- Conducted building energy modelling for a representative Canadian home
- Evaluated retrofit measures such as insulation upgrades, air sealing, efficient HVAC systems, and LED lighting
- Applied a sequential search optimization method to compare retrofit combinations
- Assessed pathways toward net zero energy performance
- Identified both optimal and near-optimal retrofit scenarios
Results
- Reduced modelled energy use intensity by approximately 80 per cent through optimized retrofits
- Demonstrated a pathway to net zero energy performance through the addition of solar energy generation
- Identified multiple retrofit combinations to support homeowner choice and flexibility
- Generated practical insights for retrofit planning and decision-making
- Provided guidance applicable to homes in similar Canadian climates
Why it matters
This research supports efforts to improve residential energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The findings help:
- Inform homeowners considering energy retrofit projects
- Support more efficient and effective retrofit planning
- Advance residential decarbonization efforts
- Provide insights for designers, contractors, and policymakers
- Contribute to Canada’s long-term sustainability and climate goals